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This study is part of a global research effort entitled Consultations with the Poor, designed to inform the World Development Report 2000/1 on Poverty and Development. The research has used participatory methods to involve and give a voice to poor people in twenty-three countries around the world. This report is from Argentina, from sites selected to give a rural/urban balance. The study focuses on four main topics, each with a set of key themes, as follows: Exploring well-being À How do people define their quality of life, their ill-being or well-being? How have these changed over time? À How do people perceive security, risk, vulnerability, opportunities, social exclusion and crime and conflict, and how have these perceptions changed over time? À How do households and individuals cope with a decline in well being and how do these strategies affect their lives? Priorities of the poor À Listing of problems faced by different groups within the community and identifying problems faced by the poor. À Prioritisation of problems, in terms of the most pressing needs of the different groups. À Have these problems changed over time? What are people's hopes and fears for the future? Institutional analysis À Which institutions are important in people's lives? À How do people rate these institutions? À Do people feel that they have any control or influence over these institutions? À Which institutions support people in coping with crisis? Gender relations À What are the existing gender relations within the household? What is women's relative position today as compared with the past, and to men? À What are the existing gender relations within the community? À Are there differences in gender relations among different groups within the community?
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This study is part of a global research effort entitled Consultations with the Poor, designed to inform the World Development Report 2000/1 on Poverty and Development. The research has used participatory methods to involve and give a voice to poor people in twenty-three countries around the world. This report is from Bolivia, from sites selected to give a rural/urban balance. The study focuses on four main topics, each with a set of key themes, as follows: Exploring well-being À How do people define their quality of life, their ill-being or well-being? How have these changed over time? À How do people perceive security, risk, vulnerability, opportunities, social exclusion and crime and conflict, and how have these perceptions changed over time? À How do households and individuals cope with a decline in well being and how do these coping strategies affect their lives? Priorities of the poor À Listing of problems faced by different groups within the community and identifying problems faced by the poor. À Prioritisation of problems, in terms of the most pressing needs of the different groups. À Have these problems changed over time? What are people's hopes and fears for the future? Institutional analysis À Which institutions are important in people's lives? À How do people rate these institutions? À Do people feel that they have any control or influence over these institutions? À Which institutions support people in coping with crisis? Gender relations À What are the existing gender relations within the household? What is women's relative position today as compared with the past, and to men? À What are the existing gender relations within the community? À Are there differences in gender relations among different groups within the community?
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En un nuevo enfoque anunciado por el Banco Mundial y el FMI, se ofrece a la sociedad civil un papel en la definición y puesta en práctica de las estrategias nacionales en contra de la pobreza. Con el fin de tener acceso a reducciones en sus deudas, se pide a los países que prepaen un documento de Estrategia de Reducción de la Pobreza, fundamentado en contribuciones de todos los sectores de la sociedad. Si bien las experiencias previas muestran que es mucho lo que se puede hacer para que los procesos de diseño de políticas respondan más a las necesidades de los pobres, esas experiencias también indican que esto implica muchos retos y dificultades. Es esencial tomar en cuenta estas lecciones para que el nuevo enfoque esté a la altura de su ambiciosa retórica.
Recent efforts by the Chilean government to promote civic education are seen to have contributed to social exclusion of the poorest people of the population. This paper was developed as part of a thesis, and evaluates the participatory model developed and implemented by the Chilean government. It attempts to determine the failures and possible areas for improvement by considering: who benefits, what is being offered and how, and what role should the beneficiaries play?
An analysis of over 100 communities was undertaken to test the hypothesis that the participation of the poorest people is possible given certain geographical and social conditions, local opportunities of the communities, and wider responses to community demands and political goals.
The following findings emerged and are put forward as considerations for improving project efficiency:
" Interventions are more successful in areas where inhabitants have secure land rights, and where basic services are present or are quickly provided;
" Larger communities tend to be more successful;
" Diversification and an increase in the programme's scope will attract poorer groups.
El objetivo de VPPs (Valoraciones Participativas de la Pobreza) es mejorar la eficacia de la acción pública para la reducción de la pobreza incluyendo las opiniones, las prioridades y las perspectivas de la gente pobre en el análisis de acción. Esta guía esta diseñado para ayudar a contestar a algunas preguntas dominantes relacionadas con el desarrollo de un VPP: cómo determinar si un VPP será útil; cómo decidir donde un VPP se debe localizar institucionalmente; cómo construir las sociedades iniciales; cómo diseñar el proceso; cómo realzar la calidad en el trabajo en el terreno y el análisis; y cómo asegurar influencia en la política. La guía esta basado extensivamente en experiencias de dos ejemplos de estudios de caso: el proceso VPP de Uganda y el VPP de Vietnam
The aim of PPAs is to improve the effectiveness of public action for poverty reduction by including the views, priorities and perspectives of poor people in the analysis of what should be done. This guide is designed to help answer some key questions related to the development of a PPA: how to assess whether a PPA will be useful; how to decide where a PPA should be located institutionally; how to build the initial partnerships; how to design the process; how to enhance quality in the fieldwork and analysis: how to ensure influence on policy. The guide draws extensively on experience from two strong case study examples, the Uganda Participatory Poverty Assessment Process and the Vietnam PPA.