Participatory Learning Approaches: rapid rural appraisal and participatory appraisal

A comprehensive introduction to both RRA and PRA, with extensive bibliography and lists of contacts at the end. The first chapter focuses on the theory, with sections on the nature of RRA and PRA, the key concepts involved, the special prerequisites for carrying out "PRA", and the potentials and applications as well as limitations of this type of process. This is a fairly comprehensive analysis which includes two case studies. The second section discusses how PRA can be incorporated into projects, particularly GTZ, and includes related approaches such as diagnosis and design, participatory research and ethnography. Finally, individual tools, as well as approaches such as "handing over the stick" are outlined, with hints and helpful literature. General sequencing is suggested, and for each method a "point in time" gives an indication of when particular tools can be used. The fact that tools are only one component of a "PRA" is mentioned.