Learning citizenship

This discussion paper sets out to generate ideas on new approaches to evaluating citizen education in practice. It considers three broad perspectives - renewed interest in the promotion of citizenship in the North and South; the history of citizen education; consideration of how people learn - and then identifies lessons and challenges. The paper then focuses on several factors involved in the internalisation and development of citizenship, and finally reviews new work on learning from other academic fields in order to assess how citizen education can enhance active citizenship. In the final section, there are questions and challenges for future work.