Jones, C.

This paper focuses on pie charts as a specific tool in participatory appraisal. It stresses the importance of process and behaviour and attitudes of the facilitator. Uses of pie charts are discussed and the process for using pie charts is described. Strengths and weaknesses are examined.

This paper describes timelines, what they are used for and the circumstances under which they are used. Possible processes for using timelines are described and issues such as triangulation are discussed. Strengths and weaknesses are also examined.

The paper explains reasons for carrying out livelihood analysis and its usefulness. The focus is on the range of methods, emphasising the importance of discussing issues relating to livelihoods at both an individual and community level, and pointing to the diversity of information. Livelihood analysis is used in seasonal calendars focusing specifically on livelihood related activities such as employment. It is also used for flow and network diagrams to depict complex information, illustrating the relationship between various sources of income or a variety of agricultural activities.